Voluntary childlessness: attitude and assessment in the public consciousness of the Dagestani population

Introduction. The movement of voluntary childlessness ("childfree") appeared in Western society as a result the crisis traditional family and its loss basic functions. Despite existence cohort that is closer to model demographic behavior form conscious refusal have children, recent past it has not been widely used Russian society. socio-economic disadvantage post-Soviet period preservation over long naturally affected childbearing, changes rate reproduction population, decrease birth with an increase mortality. Among many destructive phenomena sphere, occupies special place, propaganda among younger generation alarming, which actualizes need comprehend nature this phenomenon establish assessment existing public consciousness Daghestan population. Theoretical justification. In modern domestic science, much attention paid study childlessness, nature, causes spread. deliberate children contributes affects national security state lack human capital all social spheres (political, military, cultural, etc.). researchers consider natural economic crisis, material well-being absence comprehensive policy. states priority component attitudes respondents, they see achievement high level good career. hierarchy life principles, factor prevails, capable leveling other values, particular, value family, consequences negatively affect situation reproductive behavior. Methods. subject by Daghestani problem "childfree" was touched upon part sociological survey conducted 2023 cities (Derbent, Kizlyar, Makhachkala, Khasavyurt) districts (Botlikh, Derbent, Levashinsky, Daghestan. N=529. research method mass standardized survey. distribution socio-demographic parameters respondents follows: a) gender – 249 men (47,1%), 280 women (52,9%); b) age: 18-25 years 134 people (25,3%), 26-35 149 (28,2%), 36-50 128 (24,2%), 50 age 118 (22,3%); c) marital status: married - 271 (51,2%); divorced 101 (19,1%); single (not married) 157 (29,7%) d) education: secondary 192 (36,3%), specialized 171 (32,3%), higher 166 (31,4%); e) attitude religion: believer 458 (86,5%), unbeliever 12 (2,3%), hesitant 59 (11,2 %). Results discussion. Historically, had respectively, orientation large were considered norm negative trends characteristic whole, due objective reasons, did bypass either: polygamy, historically unusual marriage union, became widespread, number divorces increased, forms relations, expressed themselves towards small family. main provisions. empirical shows dominance characterizes childfree argumentation key function institution children. Simultaneously characterization type behavior, there also positive considering procreation "personal matter each family"; reasons for are whole range unresolved issues faced family: low financial situation, walking distance preschool school institutions, educational medical services, uncertainty surveyed population their own psychological potential, prospects children; results show pronounced difference childlessness: women, compared men, more perceptions childfree. percentage prevalence sub–group greater responsibility future awareness importance complexity role mother; condemnation woman. Analysis rejection woman's significantly influenced status religion respondents: those who identify believers, comparison, disapprove such